Northern Europe is an abbreviation for northern Europe in geography. It is generally divided into narrow and broad definitions. The narrow sense includes five countries: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland; in a broad sense, the five countries of Britain, Ireland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania are added. , A total of ten countries. Broadly speaking, the Nordic countries have a long history of navigation, rich iron ore, developed wool and animal husbandry, and many hilly terrains. They are fast in the process of industrialization, but they are also heavily dependent on foreign economies. Northern Europe is the representative of countries with high human welfare and high happiness index. The cultures of these countries such as electronic communications, furniture, wood, dairy products, saunas, Christmas gingerbread men, Nordic embroidery, Vikings, runes, etc. are all in the world Has great influence.